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The Jewish Nation of the Caribbean: The Spanish-Portuguese Jewish Settlements in the Caribbean and the Guianas, by Mordechai Arbell
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Occasionally one comes across a book, which is unexpected, delights and inspires. Surinam, known as the ‘Jewish Savannah’, where a vibrant Jewish community was granted full and equal rights two hundred years before the Jews of other communities in the region. St Eustatius, where the economically successful Jewish community was plundered during the British occupation in 1781. Curacao, named the ‘Mother of Jewish communities in the New World’, where a prosperous Jewish community comprised nearly half of Curacao’s non-slave population and was the center of Jewish life in the region. For all their economic and local political power, the Jews were little more than pawns in the 200-year struggle for control of the Caribbean by Holland, Great Britain, France and Spain. Eventually growing tired of this chess game, the Jews of the Caribbean drifted into assimilation or immigrated to the United States, where life was more secure. An ideal resource and captivating read for those traveling to the region or people with an interest in Jewish history, this is an exceptional book that brings the Jewish communities of the Caribbean to life, with intensity, and with a heartbeat so strong as to secure their proper and rightful place in recorded Jewish history.
- Sales Rank: #2733666 in Books
- Published on: 2002-06
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 11.00" h x 8.50" w x 1.00" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 384 pages
Review
...very readable and truly fascinating... For those researching Sephardim, the book is a gold mine of names -- Schelly Talalay Dardashti, City Lights, The Jerusalem Post
An enlightening and soulful book, that reveals previously hidden, fascinating periods Jewish history...High quality wine in a beautiful bottle. -- Yitzhak Navon, 5th President of Israel, October 1, 2002
About the Author
Mordechai Arbell was born in Bulgaria and immigrated to Israel with his family during the Second World War. After studies at Hebrew University, he joined the Foreign Ministry of the State of Israel, including posts as Consul in Bogota and Ambassador to Panama and Haiti. He has devoted much of his life to documenting the story of Jews in the southern part of the New World. He is currently a Research Fellow at the Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East at Hebrew University, and is an advisor to the World Jewish Congress.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Preface
In 1655, Rabbi Menashe Ben-Israel, one of the outstanding personalities of Amsterdam's Jewish community, arrived in London to urge Oliver Cromwell, the "Lord Protector" of England, to look favorably upon the return of the Jews - who had been expelled from that country in 1290 - to England. Ben-Israel (whose portrait is said to have been painted by Rembrandt), explained to Cromwell that although the Jews had been condemned to wander, "if one pursues us, another accepts us... and do we not see that those communities that have taken the children of Israel in do flourish, and their wages rise greatly." He emphasized to Cromwell that the dispersal of the Jews had not made them inferior, but rather that they were compared to "a tree that gives the tastiest fruit, and brings profit."
Speaking about dispersion and economic prosperity, Rabbi Menashe Ben-Israel no doubt also had in mind the Jewish experience in the Caribbean. In seventeenth-century Amsterdam, a time and a place in which Jews were freed from the oppression of the Inquisition and from generations of life as "New Christians," they could strengthen their community ties both inside and outside the city. Their growing international activity could openly rely on connections with fellow Jews in Central and Eastern Europe, Italy, North Africa, the Ottoman Empire, Asia and the Caribbean. At the end of the seventeenth century one quarter of the shares of the Dutch East India Company were held by Jews. This archetype of an international trading company illustrates once more the historic role of the Jews as harbingers of globalization.
It is precisely in the Dutch colonies of the Caribbean that the Jews, for the first time in their Diaspora history, received full emancipation and equal rights. This emancipation was fully recognized in Dutch Guiana (today's Suriname) in 1667, when the Dutch gained control over the colony. By this time, some of the Caribbean Jews had already arrived in New York, which until 1664 had been known as New Amsterdam. These initial immigrants helped build the most remarkable adventure of globalization the world has seen.
In the Caribbean, as this book demonstrates, the Jews helped transform some of the impoverished islands into sugar and cocoa industrial centers, and created major centers of global commerce later termed the "shopping mall of the Americas." As explained by Edward Long, the governor's secretary of Jamaica in 1774, "The Jews' knowledge of foreign lan- guages and intercourse with their brethren, dispersed over the Spanish and West Indian colonies, have contributed greatly to extend trade and increase the wealth of the island."
It is difficult to find a person more fitting than Mordechai Arbell to undertake the complex task of investigating and compiling the history of the Jews in the Caribbean. Combining both the experience of a businessman and that of an historian, Arbell is well suited to evaluate the economic aspects of the Jewish experience in the region. Above all one can easily detect the "love story" between Arbell and his research subjects: the Jews of the Caribbean.
The Jewish experience in the Caribbean serves as an important lesson and reminder of the challenge that emancipation poses to Jewish identity. The good relations that the Jews had with their gentile environment, which occasionally included special privileges as well, often created conditions that were conducive to assimilation, and led to the danger of the community's disappearance. The Caribbean experience demonstrates that in order to preserve and cultivate Jewish identity in the post-emancipation era, and in the absence of antisemitism, Jews must explore the positive forces in Judaism. Only in this way can they hope to maintain a strong and vibrant community in the Diaspora.
Dr. Avi Beker
Secretary-General
World Jewish Congress
Most helpful customer reviews
9 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
Impressive vision of the Caribbean
By Ileana Canetti
Impressive title, impressive research (of 35 years) and an impressive and so new approach to the Caribbean so affected by the tourist's vision. The author even looked upon the Jewish old cemeteries, an aspect that adds to this book a so mysterious and human touch! I, who come from the Spanish-speaking islands missed a lot more information on Jewish presence in Puerto Rico and other Hispanic islands, no matter a section on Dominican Republic jews is well presented. An open book in this sense.
2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Our Past, Present and Future
By Elliot's Reviews
Mr. Arbel describes with such meticulous attention to time,terrain and the true characters of the people involved in this migration that I more than understand this part of my heritage as an American Jew. The sense of the importance of the events from the why they happended as also the importance of the men and women who shaped and influenced the course of this for me unknown part of who I am as a human being. This very understandable account of the migration of Jews looking for what had been missing for them truly up to that point and that may have been that part of the world to call ones own.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Four Stars
By Gregory T. Newton
It is a gift for my rabbi.
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